Glossary
This page indexes the acronyms, token tickers, and technical short-forms that show up across the Concrete documentation, for readers (depositors, integrators, and operators) navigating between articles. Each entry has a stable anchor (for example, #abi, #erc-4626, #ct-defiusdt) so other pages can deep-link to a specific term.
A
ABI – Application Binary Interface. The structured format that defines how clients encode calls to a smart contract and decode its return values.
AMM – Automated Market Maker. A smart contract that prices and settles swaps from on-chain liquidity pools rather than from an order book.
API – Application Programming Interface. A defined set of endpoints or functions one program exposes for another to call.
APR – Annual Percentage Rate. An annualized return calculated on a simple (non-compounding) basis.
APY – Annual Percentage Yield. An annualized return that assumes compounding.
AUM – Assets Under Management. The total value of assets a vault or strategy holds and deploys.
B
BERA – The native token of the Berachain network.
BGT – Berachain Governance Token. The governance token issued by Berachain.
BTC – Bitcoin. The native asset of the Bitcoin network.
C
ctAsset / ctAssets – Concrete vault share tokens. ERC-20 tokens minted to depositors that represent their portion of a vault's underlying assets and accrued yield. The full term for any vault share issued by Concrete; per-vault tickers follow the pattern ct<Underlying>. See Concrete Vault Shares.
ctBeraLBTC – Vault share for the Berachain LBTC vault.
ctDefiUSDT – Vault share for the Concrete DeFi USDT vault.
ctETH – Vault share for an ETH-denominated vault.
ctLBTC – Vault share for an LBTC-denominated vault.
ctStablefrxUSD – Vault share for the Stable Network frxUSD pre-deposit vault.
ctStableUSDT – Vault share for the Stable Network USDT pre-deposit vault.
ctWBTC – Vault share for a WBTC-denominated vault.
D
DeFi – Decentralized Finance. The class of financial services delivered by smart contracts on public blockchains rather than by intermediated institutions.
E
EIP – Ethereum Improvement Proposal. A design document proposing a change or addition to the Ethereum protocol or its standards.
ENA – The governance token of the Ethena protocol.
EOA – Externally Owned Account. A wallet controlled by a private key, in contrast with a smart-contract wallet.
ERC-20 – The Ethereum standard for fungible tokens, defined in EIP-20.
ERC-4626 – The Ethereum standard for tokenized yield-bearing vaults, defined in EIP-4626. The base standard Concrete vaults implement. See Yield Vaults and ERC-4626 Standard.
ETH – Ether. The native asset of the Ethereum network.
F
FIFO – First In, First Out. The order in which queued withdrawal requests are processed: the earliest submitted request settles first.
frxUSD – A USD-pegged stablecoin issued by Frax Finance.
I
IL – Impermanent Loss. The unrealized loss an LP can experience when the prices of tokens in a liquidity pool diverge.
J
L
LBTC – Lombard BTC. A liquid Bitcoin-backed token issued by Lombard.
LP – Liquidity Provider, or by extension a liquidity-provider position in an AMM pool.
LTV – Loan-to-Value. The ratio of a loan's outstanding amount to the market value of the collateral backing it.
M
MPC – Multi-Party Computation. A cryptographic technique that lets multiple parties jointly authorize signatures without any one party holding the full private key.
N
NAV – Net Asset Value. The value of a vault's holdings net of liabilities, used to derive share price.
O
OFAC – Office of Foreign Assets Control. The U.S. Treasury agency that administers economic sanctions and maintains restricted-jurisdiction lists.
R
RPC – Remote Procedure Call. The request/response interface a client uses to read from or send transactions to a blockchain node.
S
SDK – Software Development Kit. The Concrete SDK exposes typed methods for reading vault state and submitting deposits, withdrawals, and approvals. See SDK.
T
TAC – TAC Network. The blockchain that hosted the TAC Stone, TAC LevelUSD, and TAC Renzo pre-deposit vaults. See TAC.
TVL – Total Value Locked. The total value of assets a protocol, vault, or strategy holds.
U
URL – Uniform Resource Locator. A web address.
USDC – USD Coin. A U.S. dollar-pegged stablecoin issued by Circle.
USDT – Tether. A U.S. dollar-pegged stablecoin issued by Tether Operations.
UTC – Coordinated Universal Time. The reference time zone used for Epoch schedules and other on-chain timing.
UUPS – Universal Upgradeable Proxy Standard. The upgradeable proxy pattern Concrete vaults use, defined in EIP-1822.
W
WBTC – Wrapped Bitcoin. An ERC-20 token backed 1:1 by BTC custodied off-chain. See WBTC Vault.
WETH – Wrapped Ether. An ERC-20 representation of ETH used in protocols that expect ERC-20 tokens.